Oil and Gas Terms Beginning with “C” — Page 10

The geological segmentation of once continuous reservoirs into isolated compartments. Reservoirs that have become compartmentalized require different approaches to interpretation and production than continuous… Read more →

In matrix stimulation, a characteristic of rock that indicates formationpermeability is not reduced when treating fluids and their additives contact the formation minerals or fluids inside the reservoir.Compatibility is… Read more →

Scales for different logs that are chosen so that the logs will overlay in certain conditions. For example, a sandstone-compatible scale may have the neutron log scaled from 0.45 to -0.15 vol/vol and the density from… Read more →

What Is the Compensated Neutron Log? The compensated neutron log (CNL) is a borehole nuclear logging tool that measures the concentration of hydrogen in the formation by bombarding it with fast neutrons from an… Read more →

A density log that has been corrected for the effect of mud and mudcake by using two or more detectors at different spacings from the source. The shorter the spacing, the shallower the depth of investigation and the… Read more →

Describes a bed that maintains its original thickness during deformation. Often pertains to relatively brittle, solid strata that deform by faulting, fracturing or folding, rather than flowing under stress. Incompetent… Read more →

To perform activities in the final stages of well construction to prepare a well for production. The well is completed once zones of interest have been identified. Read more →

What Is a Completion in Oil and Gas? A completion in oil and gas is the set of operations carried out after a well has been drilled to prepare it for production or injection. It encompasses perforating the casing to… Read more →

What Is a Completion Fluid? A completion fluid is a solids-free, clear brine solution pumped into the wellbore during completion and workover operations to control hydrostatic wellbore pressure against formation pore… Read more →

An indicator used to determine the effect that key completion components have on the production efficiency of a well. If one or more of the well-completion components create a localized pressure drop, the effect may be… Read more →

A mathematical method to determine seismic attributes, including reflection strength and instantaneous frequency, by using the Hilbert transform, a special form of the Fourier transform, and the quadrature trace, or the… Read more →

A single log created by splicing together two logs of the same type run at different times in the well; or by splicing two different types of log run at the same time. For example, it is common practice to splice all… Read more →

The flow of different fluids such as oil, gas or water, in a single production stream. Read more →

Any of a variety of analytical techniques carried out to determine the composition of a crude oil by breaking it down into basic chemical components. The hydrocarbon components are usually identified by carbon number… Read more →

(noun) A measure of the relative volume change of a fluid or porous medium in response to a change in pressure, expressed as the fractional change in volume per unit change in pressure. In reservoir engineering,… Read more →

The ratio of the volume of an engines cylinder at the beginning of the compression to its volume at the end of the compression process. For example, a cylinder with a volume of 20 cubic inches before compression and 1… Read more →

A type of downhole packer that is activated or set by applying compressive force to the packer assembly. In most cases, this is achieved with set-down weight from the running string, which is controlled by the driller… Read more →

A device that raises the pressure of air or natural gas. A compressor normally uses positive displacement to compress the gas to higher pressures so that the gas can flow into pipelines and other facilities. Read more →

A facility consisting of many compressors, auxiliary treatment equipment and pipeline installations to pump natural gas under pressure over long distances. A compressor plant is also called a compressor station. Several… Read more →

A technique for imaging a core by scanning it with a highly focused source of X-rays and recording the attenuated X-rays on the other side. The source and detector are rotated and moved along the core. The measurements… Read more →

Having the same center, such as when the casing and the wellbore have a common center point and, therefore, a uniform annular dimension. Read more →

The deformation of rock layers in which the thickness of each layer, measured perpendicular to initial undeformed layering, is maintained after the rock layers have been folded. Read more →

A hypothetical model characterizing strata, generally strata deposited in one or a related set of environments. Conceptual models usually incorporate rules about possible geometries and successions of facies that can be… Read more →

The geographic area in which the government allows a company to operate. Read more →

A natural gas liquid with a low vapor pressure compared with natural gasoline and liquefied petroleum gas. Condensate is mainly composed of propane, butane, pentane and heavier hydrocarbon fractions. The condensate is… Read more →

Hydrocarbons that are in the gaseous phase at reservoir conditions but condense into liquid as they travel up the wellbore and reach separator conditions. Condensate liquids are sometimes called distillate. Read more →

The ratio of the volume of liquid produced to the volume of gas produced. Read more →

In sequence stratigraphy, a section of fine-grained sedimentary rocks that accumulated slowly, thereby representing a considerable span of time by only a thin layer. In condensed sections, fossils and organic,… Read more →

A gasflood process in which an injection gas enriched with components of intermediate molecular weight, for example butane, is injected into a reservoir to achieve multiple-contact miscibility. Upon contact with the… Read more →

A geostatistical tool that yields a quantitative measure of the error in a map. It is performed when multiple maps have been created using kriging or cokriging and where each map has similar mean and variance as the… Read more →