Oil and Gas Terms Beginning with “C” — Page 3

Carbon density logging is a cased-hole pulsed-neutron measurement technique that determines in-situ oil saturation behind production casing by measuring the inelastic neutron scattering gamma ray spectra generated when… Read more →

Carbon dioxide (CO2, also called carbonic anhydride, carbon dioxide gas, or in WCSB operations simply CO2 when referring to corrosion, EOR, or injection contexts) is a colorless, non-combustible gas with molecular… Read more →

Carbon dioxide corrosion, also called sweet corrosion or CO2 corrosion in oilfield materials engineering, is the electrochemical degradation of carbon steel tubulars, flowlines, and surface equipment caused by the… Read more →

Carbonate refers both to a class of minerals composed of the carbonate ion (CO3 with a 2-minus charge) bonded to metal cations, and to the sedimentary rocks built predominantly from those minerals, primarily limestone… Read more →

The carbonate ion (CO3 with a 2-minus charge) is the triatomic polyatomic anion formed by the deprotonation of bicarbonate ion (HCO3 with a 1-minus charge) in alkaline aqueous solutions, and is the reactive species… Read more →

Carbonate scale (also called calcium carbonate scale, CaCO3 scale, or iron carbonate siderite in WCSB production chemistry and flow assurance terminology) is a mineral deposit that precipitates from produced water onto… Read more →

The carbonate test is a titration procedure performed on drilling fluid filtrate and produced water samples to measure the concentrations of carbonate (CO3 2-) and bicarbonate (HCO3-) ions in the aqueous phase,… Read more →

Carboxymethyl hydroxyethylcellulose (CMHEC) is a dual-substituted cellulose ether polymer produced by chemically grafting both carboxymethyl groups (CH2COO- Na+) and hydroxyethyl groups (CH2CH2OH) onto the cellulose… Read more →

Carboxymethyl starch (CMS) is an anionic starch ether produced by reacting native starch (typically potato, tapioca, or corn starch) with monochloroacetic acid in alkaline conditions to substitute carboxymethyl groups… Read more →

Carboxymethyl hydroxyethylcellulose (CMHEC) in completion and stimulation fluid applications is the same dual-substituted cellulose ether polymer used in drilling fluids and cement, but deployed in a distinct… Read more →

Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, also called sodium carboxymethylcellulose, Na-CMC, or simply cellulose polymer in WCSB drilling fluid and completion fluid engineering) is a water-soluble anionic polymer derived from… Read more →

Carried working interest (also called a carried interest, carry arrangement, or promoted interest in WCSB petroleum finance and joint operating agreement terminology) is a petroleum property ownership structure in which… Read more →

A carrier fluid is the base liquid or gaseous medium used to transport proppant, chemical treatment agents, perforation tools, or downhole equipment to a specific location in a wellbore, serving as the delivery vehicle… Read more →

A carrier gun is a perforating gun assembly in which the shaped charges are housed inside a steel tube (the carrier or gun body) that retains all explosive debris, charge cases, detonating cord fragments, and gun body… Read more →

What Is Carrying Capacity? Carrying capacity (also called hole-cleaning efficiency or cuttings transport efficiency) is the ability of a drilling fluid to lift and transport rock cuttings from the bit face at the bottom… Read more →

What Is Carryover? Carryover in oil and gas production operations refers to the unintended transfer of liquid droplets or slugs from a gas stream into downstream gas processing equipment — or, conversely, gas bubbles… Read more →

What Is a Perforating Cartridge? Perforating cartridge (also called a gun cartridge, shaped charge assembly, or perf charge) is a single shaped charge unit loaded into a perforating gun carrier, consisting of a… Read more →

What Is Cased Hole in Oil and Gas? Cased hole refers to any section of a wellbore where steel casing has been run and cemented in place, as distinguished from "open hole" — the uncased, exposed formation section. Most… Read more →

Casing (in WCSB well construction also referred to as casing string, steel casing, or pipe string when used in a specific wellbore section context) is large-diameter steel pipe cemented in place from surface to a… Read more →

A casing bowl (also called a casing head or casing spool) is the lowest component of the wellhead assembly, welded or threaded to the top of the first (conductor or surface) casing string and providing the mechanical… Read more →

Casing burst pressure is the internal pressure at which a casing string fails by radial splitting or ballooning outward, representing the upper pressure limit that the casing wall can contain before yielding or… Read more →

Casing centralizer (also called a casing bow spring or rigid centralizer in WCSB well construction and cementing engineering) is a mechanical device installed on the outside of a casing or liner string at defined… Read more →

Casing collar (also called a coupling, pipe collar, or API collar in WCSB well construction and casing running operations) is the short, thick-walled cylindrical steel fitting threaded onto the pin end of each casing… Read more →

Casing collar locator (CCL, also called the collar log or magnetic collar finder in WCSB completion engineering and wireline perforating services) is a downhole electromagnetic measurement tool that detects the magnetic… Read more →

Casing collar log (also called the CCL log, collar log record, or magnetic collar survey in WCSB completion and wireline engineering) is the recorded output produced by running a casing collar locator (CCL)… Read more →

Casing completion (also called a cased-hole completion, perforated casing completion, or conventional casing completion in WCSB well construction and production engineering) is a well completion configuration in which… Read more →

Casing coupling (in WCSB well construction also referred to as the casing connection, joint make-up, or threaded connection in casing running engineering) is the threaded engagement between two adjacent casing joints… Read more →

Casing grade (also referred to as the pipe grade, API grade, or casing steel classification in WCSB tubular design and well engineering) is the designation assigned by API Specification 5CT to a casing or tubing steel… Read more →

Casing gun (also called a cased-hole perforating gun, hollow-carrier cased-hole gun, or primary completion gun in WCSB completion engineering) is a perforating gun system sized to run inside the production casing bore… Read more →

Casing hanger (also called a casing head hanger, slip hanger, or mandrel hanger in WCSB wellhead engineering) is a mechanical device set inside the casing head or the bowl of the next-larger wellhead component that… Read more →