Oil and Gas Terms Beginning with “S” — Page 17

Synthetic-base muds (SBM) are nonaqueous water-internal (invert) emulsion drilling fluids in which the external (continuous) phase is a synthetic hydrocarbon fluid rather than a refined oil — the most common synthetic… Read more →

A synthetic fault is a minor or secondary fault whose sense of displacement and dip direction are the same as those of the major or master fault with which it is associated. The term is defined by its relationship to a… Read more →

A gas obtained by heating coal or refining heavy hydrocarbons. Synthetic natural gas is abbreviated SNG. Read more →

What Is a Synthetic Seismogram? A synthetic seismogram is a modelled seismic trace computed by convolving the reflection coefficient series derived from wireline density and sonic log data at a well location with a… Read more →

A synthetic seismogram is a computed seismic trace constructed from well log data — primarily sonic (acoustic velocity) and density logs — that predicts what the seismic reflection response at a specific well location… Read more →

Synthetic base fluid is the continuous phase of synthetic-base mud (SBM) — a purpose-designed hydrocarbon-like liquid that replaces conventional petroleum-derived mineral oils in oil-base mud formulations, providing the… Read more →

Synthetic-base muds (SBM) are nonaqueous water-internal (invert) emulsion drilling fluids in which the external (continuous) phase is a synthetic hydrocarbon fluid rather than a refined oil — the most common synthetic… Read more →

SBR (synthetic/brine ratio) is the volumetric ratio of the synthetic base fluid (internal olefin, linear alpha olefin, ester, poly-alpha olefin, or other synthetic liquid hydrocarbon) to the brine (emulsified water… Read more →

The synthetic-water ratio (SWR) is the recipe number that tells a drilling crew what fraction of their drilling mud is synthetic base fluid and what fraction is water. It is written as two numbers separated by a slash,… Read more →

A systematic error is a reproducible inaccuracy in a measurement, a bias that shifts results consistently in the same direction and by a similar amount each time the measurement is repeated under the same conditions. It… Read more →

A systems tract is a fundamental unit of sequence stratigraphy comprising a set of contemporaneous depositional systems (linked assemblages of environments such as rivers, deltas, shorelines, and deep-water fans) that… Read more →